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X-ORIGINAL-URL:https://www.historikertag.de/Muenster2018/en/panels/politische-mitsprache-in-europa-vor-den-revolutionen-im-vergleich/
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SUMMARY:[Historikertag 2018] Political participation in Europe before the revolutions in comparative access
DESCRIPTION:Representative political participation on the levels of territories and states has always been considered as a major hallmark of Europe’s distinctiveness in universal history. Although it would be anachronistic to declare them as direct forerunners of modern Parliaments, they acted as elitist ‘corpora politica’ that moderated conflicts even in unequal and split societies. Participation has been studied on a European level since the path-breaking theories by Otto Hintze (1930/31), and in 1936 a standing ‘International Commission for the History of Parliamentary and Representative Institutions’ has been founded implicitly in defence of democracy against the everywhere growing autoritharian regimes, publishing conference papers and monographs till now. Antonio Marongiu’s Medieval Parliaments. A comparative study (1968) and Michel Hébert’s Parlementer. Assemblées représentatives et échange politique en Europe occidentale à la fin du Moyen Âge (2014) are fundamental but have limitations in their thematic, geographical and chronological scope. In general, there seems to be no reason to limit any analysis to the middle ages, as most representative institutions continued to function or at least to exist formally until the end of the ancient régime. At a moment when the functioning of Western democracies is a matter of serious controversy in a number of European countries, the centuries-long evolution of the precursors of constitutionally elected parliaments deserves to be searched afresh in a comparative perspective. Central questions might be: (1) Where, why and when did forms of representation emerge? And why have they remained absent, for ex. in most of North-Central Italy, become rare or disappeared as the Reichstag after the Thirty-years-war, the Etats géneraux after 1614, whereas the >Polish Sejm continued to exist till the End of the Polish state in 1792 ? (2) Which shape did they take, how did they function, with which power, and how did that relate to their society, resp. in which degree they ‘represented’, as ‘corpus politicum’ their societies? (3) How are the strikingly different evolutions to be explained in European states since the sixteenth century? (4) Which questions and which tools have been developed in the last generation of historians to improve effectively comparative studies of premodern parliaments? We are relatively well informed about many particular cases, but what is lacking is a long-term comparative view, especially including the third question. The proposed panel aims at launching the debate: structured by ‘estates’, the political representation marked the fundamental divisions within their society; in how far did they succeed in overcoming the cleavages by peaceful and regulated negotiations? If they did, at what price? Which was the significance of the various oratoric cultures (Redekulturen)? These questions will be treated by two historians from the Netherlands and three from Germany. The contributions cover across epochs the Middle Ages and Early Modern history. The Panel is consisting of two surview-contributions dealing generally with European Parliaments (Blockmans, Helmrath) and three case studies dealing with the Estates of Brabant (Damen), the three Eastern Parliaments of Poland, Hungary and Bohemia (Burkhardt) and with the English Parliament (Nientied).
Der Beitrag Political participation in Europe before the revolutions in comparative access erschien zuerst auf Historikertag 2018.
LOCATION:FVVH (Freiherr-von-Vincke-Haus)
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